Occitan-Adverb

Adverb (Advèrb)

List of Basic Adverbs

Time	Place	Manner
ara in this moment, now antan the last year passat ièr the day before yesterday abans previously, preferably encara yet, still ièr yesterday quand when despuèi after puèi then ongan this year uèi today jamai never lèu soon deman tomorrow mentre while, whilst sempre , totjorn ever tard late d'ora, lèu early pasmens still, yet ja already, by now, yet	enbàs, aval below, downstairs aicí here, over here, this way ailà thither, there dedins in defòra outside aquí there, yonder ailà there ailà there, yonder abans before aicí here amont above, on top, overhead, upstairs près, prèp close, near, nearby abans ahead, formerly, previously dedins inside darrièr behind, after ont where ennaut above, on top, upstairs en fàcia de in front of defòra outside luenh away	exprès intentionally, on purpose naut aloud aviat, lèu-lèua fast, quickly, swiftly atal like this, so, that way, thus bas silently ben plan well gaireben, quasiment almost, nearly clar clearly coma as, like, such as rai see note (1) plan planet slowly dur hard excèpt exceptedly mal badly lèu soon fòrt strongly rude brutally tirat, levat with the exception of suau calmly See also *Derived Adverbs*.
Quantity	Affirmation	Negation
gaire some, not much apenas barely, hardly, only just pro enough gairebenalmost tant as much (many) tròp too, much pro enough, sufficiently mai more mens less fòrça a lot of, much, ver pauc little tant, de tot tant that much	atal thus segur certainly, sure òc, òi yes tamben also de verai really, actually	jamai never ni neither non no tampauc also not, neither
Doubt	Exclusion	Inclusion
benlèu maybe, perhaps, possibly bensai maybe, perhaps, possibly saique maybe, perhaps, possibly	apenas barely, hardly, (only) just tirat, levat but, except, save titat, levat but sol only tampauc also not	de mai moreover apasmens still, yet fins a till, until meteis even tamben also, too
Order	Designation	Interrogation
après after	òu behold! see! there! here!	ont? to where? d'ont? where? coma? how? quand, quora? when? quant? how much (many) perqué, perdequé? why?

§1. Rai, mainly in aqùo rai or rai d'aquò, can be loosely rendered by "It's OK!" or "No problem(s)!". It is used in the same way in Catalan: "Això rai!" Go back to =>

Derived Adverbs

A lot of adverbs are derived regularly from the feminine forms of the adjectives by adding the suffix -ment (this pattern appeared in the Vulgar Latin), cf.

clar : clarament
bèl : belament
trist : tristament

These adverbs correspond to the English adverbs formed by -ly.

The derived adverbs are of:

manner (mainly): clarament clearly etc.;
affirmation: efectivament effectively;
doubt: possiblament possibly, probablament probably;
exclusion: exclusivament exclusively, simplament simply, solament solely, unicament uniquely;
order: primierament first, ultimament ultimately;
etc.

Some adverbs are formed from the adjectives by the way of conversion (in other words their forms coincide with the masculine forms of the adjectives), cf.:

clar clear adj.; clearly adv.
dur hard adj.; hard adv.
lent slow adj.; slowly adv.
gaire few adj.; some adv.
etc.

Degree of the Adverbs (Gra dels Advèrbs)

Comparative Degree (Gra Comparatiu)

Normal	Comparative
Normal	Superiority	Equality	Inferiority
tristament	mai tristament que	tant tristament coma	mens tristament que
rapidament	mai rapidament que	tant rapidament coma	mens rapidament que
ben,plan	melhor (mai bon)	tant ben	mens ben
mal	piéger (mai mal)	tant mal	mens mal
fòrça	mai	-	-
pauc	mens	-	-

Superlative Degree (Gra Superlatiu)

Normal	Superlative
	Absolute		Relative
	Synthetic	Analytic	Superiority	Inferiority
tristament	tristament	fòrça, plan tristament	lo mai tristament	lo mens tristament
rapidament	rapidament	fòrça, plan rapidament	lo mai rapidament	lo mens rapidament
ben, plan	-	fòrça, plan bon	-	-
mal	-	fòrça, plan mal	-	-
fòrça	-	-	lo mai	-
pauc	-	-	lo mens	-

Adverbials (Locucions adverbialas)

Time	Place	Manner
d'ara endavant hereafter de vèspre tonight de davant beforehand de jorn in the day de lanuèch al matin overnight de tantòst afternoon, p.m de matin since the morni de nuèch at night de còps, de fes sometime fin finala at last, finally passat ièr the day after tomorrow per ara presently per campèstre overland	a l'ostal home a drecha , a man drecha to the right a esquèrra, a man esquèrra to the left debàs downstairs d'ara endavant henceforward de cap a fons downwar d'ont from here, from where endedins de within, inside, indoors endacòm somewhere a l'ostal at home ont que siá anywhere en luòc nowhere endacòm mai elsewhere per tot everywhere per aquí this way en luòc no where	a palpas, a òrbas blindly a cavalhons piggyback a tustas e a bustas disorderly d'escondons secretely a pès junts stubbornly a tòrt e a travèrs disorderly d'amagat silently, dins l'escuresina in the dark a la galaupada in full speed a la bobosa disorderly a la moda modish al contrari just the opposite de grat of good will sul còp suddenly, fast de ressabuda, offhand per bona espècia intentionally de mal esquiç unwillingly de racacòr unwillingly aviat fast sul pic suddenly subte, subran suddenly de badas in vain en general in total, in general por malastre unfortunately a pus près aproximately subre tot above all, especially
Quantity	Affirmation / Negation
per lo mens at least per lo mai at most de fòrça of much de pauc of some de tot of all gaire mai (de) aproximately	a de bon sure de segur sure de verai sure segur of course ben segur of course d'acòrdi in agreement de segur certainly, sure d'efièch de facto, in fact res a faire in no way de verdad verily, really en correcto estado OK d'efièch in effect segurament certainly als uèlhs vesents apparently de segur of course sens dobte undoubtedly

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