Auxiliary verbs

Aver

• Ai acabat. I have finished.

• I a tres dròllas que nos agachan

There are three girls looking at us.
• Se venon pas, ii aurà (de) problèmas.

If they don’t show up, there will be problems.

Téner (Tenir)

• Ten sas fenèstras de barradas. He keeps his windows shut.

Èsser (Èstre)

• it links a noun or noun group to a predicative, i.e., a word group indicating a quality, state or condition, cf.:
• Aquestes persècs son los melhors que ai manjat.

These peaches are the best ones I have eaten.
• it is used as an auxiliary for constructing the compound tenses of the intransitive verbs, cf.:
• Soi anat a Marsilha.

I have gone to Marseilles.
• it forms the passive voice of the transitive verbs, cf.:
• El rei es aimat per son pòble.

The king is loved by his people.
• it is used in the periphrastic construction èsser per + infinitive, which indicates an action in the future, cf.:
• Es pas per morir.

He is not going to die.
• it is used also in the construction èsser a + infinitive to denote an action in progress, cf.:
• Èra a se passejar.

He (she) was taking a walk.